Latest Research on the Effectiveness of Typhoid Vaccine

  Typhoid is a serious infectious disease transmitted by the bacteria Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi. Typhoid vaccine is one of the main tools in preventing the disease, especially in countries where there is a higher risk of infection. In recent years, many studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of the typhoid vaccine, and the most important ones will be discussed below.

 
  According to a study published in The Lancet in 2019, a new typhoid vaccine, called TCV (Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine), has shown promising results. The study was conducted on a large scale in Nepal, where typhoid is common. The results showed that TCV was nearly 82% effective in preventing typhoid in people who received the vaccine.

  Earlier typhoid vaccines - the oral typhoid vaccine (Ty21a) and the subcutaneous typhoid vaccine (ViPS) - are effective, but have some limitations. Ty21a requires several doses, and has limited efficacy in children under 2 years old. ViPS requires one dose, but does not provide long-term protection and is not recommended for children under 2 years old.

  The new TCV vaccine, with a single-dose injection, provides long-term protection and is effective for all ages, including children as young as 6 months. Moreover, TCV has been added to the list of vaccinations recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for children in countries where typhoid is endemic.

  However, despite the promising results, the TCV vaccine is not in itself a panacea for typhoid. As the researchers point out, the vaccine is part of a broader approach to typhoid control, which also includes improving water supply and sanitation systems, as well as monitoring for antibiotic resistance to Salmonella Typhi.

  In conclusion, the latest typhoid vaccine efficacy studies are showing promising results, especially in the context of the new TCV vaccine. However, the fight against typhoid requires an integrated approach that includes both vaccination and improved sanitation.